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preparation, such as clearing, grading, and filling; nor does it include the installation of streets and/or walkways; nor does it include excavation for a basement; footings, piers, or foundations or the erection of temporary forms; nor does it include the installation on the property of accessory buildings, such as garages or sheds not occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main structure. For a substantial improvement, the actual start of construction means the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor, or other structural part of the building, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the building. '`Structure" means a walled and roofed building, a manufactured home, or a gas, liquid, or liquefied gas storage tank that is principally above ground. '`Substantial Damase" means damage of any origin sustained by a structure during any one-year period whereby the cost of restoring the structure to its beforeidamaged condition would equal or exceed 50 percent of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred. See' definition of "substantial improvement". Substantial damage also means Jlood-related damage sustained by a structure on Iwo separate occasions during a 10 year period for which the cost of repairs at the time of each such flood event, on the average, equals or exceeds ?.i percent of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred. (The last sentence is OPTIONAL but required for eligibility for /ncreased Cost of Compliance (/CC) benefits for repetitive losses.) "Substantial Improvement" means any combination of repairs, reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, or other improvement of a structure, taking place during tiny one-year period for which the cost equals or exceeds 50 percent of the market value of the structure before the "start of construction" of the improvement. This term includes structures which have incurred "substantial damage", regardless of the actual repair work performed. The term does not, however, include either: (a) any correction of existing violations of State or community health, sanitary, or safety code specifications which have been identified'.by the community code enforcement official and which are the minimum necessary to assure safe living conditions; or (b) any alteration of a historic structure, provided that the alteration will not preclude the structure's continued designation as a historic structure. "Variance" is a grant of relief from! the requvements of this ordinance. "Violation" means the failure of a structure or other development to be fully compliant with the community's floodplain management regulations. A structure or other development without the elevation certificate, other certifications, or other evidence of compliance required in Articles 4 and 5 is presumed to be in violation until such time as that documentation is provided. "Water Surface Elevation (WSEI'~ means the height, in relation to mean sea level, of floods of various magnitudes and frequencies in the floodplains of coastal or riverine areas. "Watercourse" means a lake, river,. creek, stream, wash, channel or other topographic feature on or over which waters flow at least periodically. Watercourse includes specifically designated areas in which substantial Flood damage may occur. ARTICLE 3. GENERAL P[tOVIS[ONS. SECTION A. LANDS TO ~HICH THIS ORDINANCE APPLIES. This ordinance shall apply to all Special Flood Hazard Areas within the jurisdiction, including Extra-Territorial Jurisdictions (ETJs) ifapplicable, of (commanityJ and within the jurisdiction of any other community whose governing body''agrees, by resolution, to such applicability. SECTION B. BASIS FOR EST.46LISHING THE SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD AREAS. The Special Flood Hazard Areas are those identitled under the Cooperating Technical Stare (CTS) agreement between the State of North Carolina and FENt~ in its flood Insurance Study (FIST and its accompanying Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRbq, for L icuunryt dated which are adopted by reference and declared to be a p~rt of [his ordinance. /VOTE - If your community is adopt/no maps which precede the Cooperating Technical State agrerneent or has never been mapped, please see the instruct(ons for guidance in revising this .Sections it~l~ ;. goo? F w