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Table 1. Flooding and shade tolerance and reproductive characteristics of some bottomland forest species (partial; from Haynes et al. 1988; Fowells 1965; McKnight et al. 1981). Common Name Flooding Shade Reproductive Characteristics Green Ash Moderate Moderate Seeds dispersed from fall to early spring, primarily by wind and to some extent by water. Germination on bare moist soil; sprouts prolifical- ly; excellent seed dispersal Red Maple Moderate Tolerant Seeds dispersed March-July primarily by winds, and to some extent by birds, water and small animals. Germinates best on moist mineral soil in shade or openings, often after water recedes: sprouts well from stumps. Sweetgum Moderate Intolerant Seeds dispersed in fall primarily by (flooding wind, Trees about 20 years of age, fatal) continuing to 150 years or more, bear seeds prolifically. Germination best on mineral soils in open; sprouts well from roots and stumps. American Sycamore Moderate Moderate Seeds dispersed Jan.-April by wind, water and birds. Trees 25 years and older bear seed. Seedlings establish besu on moist mudflats or other exposed mineral soil: sprouts well from stumps. Boxelder Moderate Moderate Seeds dispersed Sept.-March by wind, birds and small animals. Germinates best on moist mineral soil in shade or openings; sprouts well from stumps. Fowells, H. A, (ed.) 1965. Sllvics of forest trees of the United States. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Handbook No. 271. Washington, D.C. 762 pp. McKnight, J. S., D. D. Hook, O. O. Langdon and R. L. Johnson. 1981. Flood tolerance and related characteristics of trees of the bottomland forests of the Southern U.S. Pages 29-65. IN J. R. Clark and J. Benforado Wetlands of bottomland forests: Proceedings of a workshop on bottomland forest wetlands of the Southeast U.S. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, New York.